Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essay Example

Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essay According to the University of Oklahoma website, Dr. Grasmick has been publishing articles since 1974 and is still continuing his research on his theories on criminal deviance and its deterrents. The website indicates that â€Å"he is credited with creating the â€Å"Grasmick’s Low Self-Control Scale†, which is used to measure self-control in criminal deviants † Grasmicks scale is being employed in most studies and dissertations under the subject of Criminal Justice. John McMullen wrote a dissertation on the topic which is entitled â€Å"A Test of Self-control Theory Using General Patterns of Deviance. † He employed Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale in his survey instruments to derive his results for the study. The scale measures six separate aspects of self control. The scale consists of 24 total items, divided evenly into â€Å"simple tasks, impulsivity, physical activities, risk seeking, self- centered, and temper sub-components. Respondents were asked to report whether they â€Å"strongly agree,† â€Å"agree,† â€Å"disagree,† or â€Å"strongly disagree† to each individual item. He described the concept of self- control in reference to Gottfredson and Hirschis General Theory of Crime, by stating that â€Å"Individuals who possess the low self-control trait are more likely to become involved in criminal, deviant, and accidental behaviors than those who possess high levels of self-control † (McMullen, 1999, p. 6). In terms of reliability, McMullen mentions that on the basis of empirical support and extensive testing, the scale was very suitable for use in his sample age group. We will write a custom essay sample on Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He also comments that: â€Å"the most convincing argument for using this scale comes from Piquero and Rosay (1998:170), who concluded that, â€Å"it appears the scale can be an acceptable scale in terms of tapping into the components alluded to by Gottfredson and Hirschi† (McMullen, 1999, p. 35). References McMullen, J. C. (1999). A Test of Self-control Theory Using General Patterns of Deviance. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University .

Common Academic Phrases to Use in Your Essay

Common Academic Phrases to Use in Your Essay Quality Essay Writing: Ten Scholarly Phrases to Employ while Writing Essays Easygoing and conversational expressions have no place in scholastic papers. Therell be no LOLs, no LMFAO, and positively no OMGs. In any case, did you know there is a mess of different expressions which probably wont be so evident or striking? Shouldnt something be said about those individuals that believe its alright to compose you in an article? This ought to be maintained a strategic distance from with a reasonable option being, maybe, one. Another precedent could be an understudy who befuddles be that as it may with even though. Did you know the distinction? We use notwithstanding toward the start of another sentence, with a comma after it. Then again, even though can be utilized toward the start or amidst a sentence, and it doesnt have a comma after that. In this way, to enable you to locate the correct dimension of custom in your expositions, we have assembled this rundown of 10 scholastic expressions you can use in your article composing. This is in no way, shape or forms a comprehensive rundown. However, these are only a couple of the scholarly expressions that can enhance your exposition composing abilities. 1.  Ã‚   Also; moreover; likewise†¦ The stream of your article is critical. This kind of scholarly expression is ideal for growing or adding to a point youve officially made without hindering or halting the stream by and large. 2.  Ã‚   Eventually; to simply put it†¦ Once more, these are fantastic scholastic expressions to enhance the coherence of your paper composing. For this situation, the above terms ought to be utilized to clarify a point youve effectively made in a somewhat extraordinary manner. Try not to utilize it to rehash yourself, but instead to expound on a specific point that needs further clarification. Or on the other hand to concisely round up what just preceded. 3.Consequently; on the other hand; despite what might be expected; then again†¦ Finding a consistent technique for presenting an elective viewpoint or hypothesis can be diligent work, yet these terms and expressions can enable you to present the opposite side of the contention. 4.  Ã‚   As indicated by X; X expressed that; alluding to the perspectives of X†¦ Presenting the perspectives of subject specialists is an urgent piece of article composing. Counting a statement that normally fits into your work can be a touch of battle, yet these scholastic expressions give an extraordinary path in. The key with statements is lucidity. Leave the peruser with no space for perplexity; it ought to be evident that a statement is a statement. Therefore, you may likewise prefer to summarize – ensure you credit the source, however. Hence, you may jump at the chance to state, As Einstein regularly repeated, the hypothesis of. instead of giving a sectioned direct statement. Also, it is essential to ensure that one references effectively as well when utilizing cites or summarizing another persons words. 5.  Ã‚   Just as; alongside; combined with Take care when utilizing these joining scholarly expressions, as they dont work similarly as the combination and with regards to the subject-action word assertion. Therefore, they do generally have a similar capacity and are fine when utilized sparingly. 6.  Ã‚   Initially, besides, thirdly†¦ In case youre attempting to structure a contention without your exposition getting to be dreary, this is a very powerful strategy for introducing the realities. Try not to be excessively unbending and feel you need to number each point, yet using this framework can be a decent method to get a contention off the ground. 7.  Ã‚   In perspective of; in light of†¦ These are the kinds of expressions you should use to add a stipulation to contention or recognize reservations. Either can be utilized when a bit of proof reveals new insight into a contention. 8.  Ã‚   For example; to give an outline of†¦ Scholastic articles that get good grades back up each point. Utilizing for instance each time will wind up dull for the author and the peruser, so here are two or three scholarly expressions you can use to state a similar thing. 9.  Ã‚   Powerful; convincing†¦ While finishing up your paper, words like these can enable you to outline your contention and clarify which parts you find generally persuading. 10.  Ã‚     This way; this recommends; evidently; the outcome is†¦ When youre clarifying the importance of the consequences of a bit of research, these expressions give the ideal lead up to your clarification.

The Elecdyne Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Elecdyne Company - Case Study Example . In relation to these challenges, the company is aiming at coming up with new strategies in order not only to remain viable, but also to make profit (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt 2008). One of the strategies that the company considers to be viable is its expansion internationally through venturing in the EU countries. The countries of choice include Russia, USA, and France. In addressing this, the report will expound on the current and future environmental factors that will impact the affect Elecdyne through the aid of STEEP analytical framework. I chose STEEP analysis because of its simplicity in addition to being general and permitting one to analyse the diverse factors that impact an organization. Apart from STEEP, PEST and SWOT analysis will be used in analysing the selected countries extensively in order to determine the best option for expanding internationally. Griffin argues that competitiveness is the most crucial characteristic of a global market. This assertion is in relatio n to the globalization expansion. This claim aids a company to formulate ways of overcoming environmental challenges. The use of strategic tools as the ones will be expounded in this report will probably aid in achieving this objective. The global industry is estimated to be 5.4% (Nummela 2010) with continuous growth in the coming years. However, the influence of the recent recession has been very significant in electronic industries as well as other industries.

Symbolic Interactionism in Police Murder Investigations Essay

Symbolic Interactionism in Police Murder Investigations - Essay Example In this sense, the communicative acts serve as "dramaturgical realizations" exemplifying the cultural identities of the police. (Innes 69) To appreciate Innes' premise, it is imperative to identify the basic constructs of the symbolic interactionist theory. Interactionism is best understood in terms of the existence of an "I" and a "Me" in a social actor2. The "I" manages the impression of the self to produce an identity known as a "Me". When a social actor interacts with another, the initial "Me" generates another "Me" by "imposing on the other a definition of the self". Consequently, the second actor's initial sense of "Me" is influenced by his interaction with the first actor. In this sense, each actor manages the image of the self being projected while at the same time imposing symbolic meanings on others. (Wilfrid Laurier University) Central to this paradigm is the social actor's concept of self. Hester and Eglin describe how the self is conceptualized - both as a process and as an object. As a process, the self is capable of communicating to itself from the standpoint of a "generalized other", producing situational and contextual responses to varying situations and environments. Through "self-interaction", the social actor produces self-indications by defining the context of the situation and then judging the course of action or response appropriate to the defined situation. Meanwhile, self as an object pertains to a social actor's self-image, his understanding of who and what he is. The social actor judges himself from the perspective of a "generalized other" and thus determines his roles and functions. (Hester and Eglin 92) In exploring the symbolic constructions of homicide investigations, Innes utilizes this interactionist perspective by examining how police officers create and interpret meanings through various communicative acts. Innes posits that the police officer as a social actor acts towards situations in terms of the meanings he interprets from them. These meanings are derived through social interaction and depend on a process of self interpretation. Innes sets this framework against the back drop of the "police occupational culture", which has been imposed by prevailing media and public perceptions about the nature of police work. In this context, the police officer, through his self-impressions combined with the labels imposed upon him by prevalent public views, sees himself as an agent of social order. The police officer is socialized into an "occupational role", and thus "develops an occupational identity based on the role's demands, and contributes to the maintenance or modification of this character." (Vincent 2) This "occupational role" is evidenced by organizational communications, which in turn serve to construct and maintain a symbolic representation of the organization's roles and functions. (Innes 71) A major component of this "occupational culture" is the "moral ambiguity" of policing. Interactionism asserts that

Benefits of Flexibility Development Training Research Paper

Benefits of Flexibility Development Training - Research Paper Example An athlete can only develop his or her flexibility if he or she trains regularly. The primary purpose of training is that it helps the athlete move his or her joint via its complete range of motion. Flexibility is arguably the most highly adaptable fitness that helps the athlete improve his or motion in athletics activities. Past studies show that the more an athlete carries out flexibility programs in the training reduces the incidence of injuries ("Flexibility Exercises for Young Athletes-OrthoInfo - AAOS", 2017). This is due to the increased ability to move unimpeded via a broader range of motion. But it is worth to note that an athlete should not carry out an excessive or unstable range of motion during flexibility programs to avoid the likelihood of getting injured. If an athlete carries out appropriate flexibility training, he or she can become more in tune with his or body. Additionally, it helps an athlete form an active relaxation which can help improve both physical and men tal recovery.

Once Upon A Time by Gabriel Okara

Once Upon A Time by Gabriel Okara The poet of the poem Once upon a time is Gabriel Okara who is a Nigerian. He was born on 24th or 21st of April in the year 1921.In that year Nigeria got independence from Britain so at that time they were still influenced by the British culture. The background of the poem is that he is remembering the way people used to behave and interact with each other and he is comparing it with how people interact with others now. How the people used to do things with their hearts and with pleasure and happiness. It describes what happens when a traditional African culture and civilisation meets with the western culture. My personal opinion of the purpose of this poem is to outline the behaviour and personality people have at the moment and try and bring them back to the personality that people used to have, when they used to do things with emotion and with their heart The poem is a conversation between a father and his son where the son does things with emotion and the father wants to forget his fake personality and re-learn and create real personalities from his son. And he is asking the son to show him how to express true love and show real personality to others. It the first stanza the author mentions that people used to laugh with their heart they used to laugh with their emotions, when they would laugh they would do it wholeheartedly and with warmth and they used to laugh with their eyes and show pleasure with them. And know they do it with only their teeth not with their heart, meaning they do not really want to laugh but do it just to get closer to you and with their darky gloomy cold eyes they watch you and wait for you from the corner of their eyes waiting for you to leave search behind my shadow. In my opinion the words they refer to the white people who had invaded their country and influenced them with their culture. In this stanza the words ice-block-cold eyes is used these words emphasize the coldness and the inner hatred they have for you like they can freeze water with their gaze. These also make the poem feel a bit dark and cold and a slight bit sinister In the second stanza he further talks about the personalities of the people of the past he says they used to shake with their hearts here he is trying to say that when you would meet each other you will shake their hands with pleasure and with warmth and do it willingly. While their left hands search my empty pockets from this we can see that they are trying to use him to get to his money or receive something from him. This also shows that the peoples personalities are not real and true In the third stanza he is talking about when people ask you to come again and say feel at home you go there once, twice and the third time they will not let you in thinking that you are a pest and that they do not wanted to see you anymore. The words feel at home is used for when you want a guest to feel welcomed and that they belong in that household. Here he mentions that I find the doors shut on me this shows that they do not even open the door to tell him that he is not wanted and the moment but instead leaves the door closed keeping him standing outside. This also shows that when people speak they lie not telling the truth but just saying something nice to grasp their heart. In the fourth stanza he talks about how he has learned to put on faces like how outfits and masks are put on at different times, and with different people you act differently, for example in the office you act in one way to a person but when you meet them on the street you act another way to them, and how all the faces that people have on different occasions. He says I have learned too which is suggesting that he has also changed with the change of the people around him. he also mentions with all their conforming smiles like a fixed portrait suggesting that they all have the same smile all the time not showing any true emotion. In the fifth stanza he says that he has also been influenced by the people around him and he has learned to keep his true personality a secret and show the world a fake personality, to laugh with only me teeth this part is connected with the part in the first stanza they only laugh with their teeth from this you can see a comparison of what people do and what he does now. This also shows that he has changed to blend in with the environment. Here in the part where he says I have also learned to say `Goodbye when I mean `Good-riddance that is pointing out to the fact that they will, without thinking and without meaning it they will say Goodbye. He mentions forward that Glad to meet you meaning that he is happy to see you and is happy with your presence without being glad meaning that the did not wanted to talk to you and they disliked your presence and if they could they would of avoided you and its been nice talking to you, after being bored saying that they say things that they do no t mean In the fifth stanza he concludes it all saying that he does not like what he has become and he wants to be like he used to be when he was like a child so small and innocent. He points out that he really wants to learn how to laugh with emotions like you really mean it and he compares his laugh like that of a snakes fangs that shows only the teeth snakes are those menacing creatures that are full of venom and can never be trusted and to compare his laugh with a snake gives the image that the man really does not like his fake personality. This stanza sums it well by giving the image to the reader that he is not happy and satisfied with himself The last stanza is the farther asking and pleading to his son to show him how to laugh and smile like he did when he was a child. The last line sums up the entire poem really well making sure that all strings are tied The structure of the poem is really good and consistent most of the stanzas have 6 lines in them. It is a very nice poem with a nice smooth flow

Emotional Appeal Used in Visual Advertising Essay -- essays research p

In almost any commercial you watch today, you will notice that they rarely tell you something about the product being sold. Neil Postman stated, â€Å"The television commercial is not all about the character of the product to be consumed. It’s about the character of the consumers of products† (128). I find this very true. Commercials combine the use of sight, sound, color, motion, and often humor to put forth an effective message. Within a short period of time, these advertisements can capture one’s attention and convince one to buy their product. It doesn’t matter if the product has value, as long as the advertisers are able to make a consumer believe it does. Playing off of emotions is one of the most effective ways to lure people in because you can’t refute emotions. Commercials can effectively manipulate and create false perception using emotional appeal to further benefit the advertiser.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Television commercials are a persuasive form of communication. One sees tons of images of famous people, breath-taking scenery, fun vacations, and of happy families spending quality time together. But what is this telling a consumer about the product? It tells those who may buy them about their own fears, insecurities, anxieties, and dreams. They do this by constantly reminding them that their lives could be better if they buy this or that. These images are used for psychological purposes and to play off of emotions because we are emotional beings. People respo...

All the Kings Men – 2

The Great Spider Web In the book, â€Å"All The King’s Men† by Robert Penn Warren, the character of Jack Burden gradually evolves into a person with a deeper comprehension of the world around him. Jack grapples with many new concepts, including the concept of whether or not knowledge is power. Jack’s profession involves digging into the past to discover information about others, which often, he will later use to blackmail them. So naturally Jack believes knowledge holds great power.However, as the book carries on, Jack struggles with the idea that his knowledge may have a much deeper effect on society than the original purpose of the information. Throughout this novel Jack demonstrates that knowledge is power, but he eventually realizes that his knowledge can lead to sorrow in the lives of others, which leaves him with the idea that some things may be better left unsaid. During this book Jack exhibits that knowledge is power. One would expect this from Jack Burde n because his job, first and foremost, consists of digging up dirt on other politicians for his boss Willie Stark (the governor of Louisiana).Jack, who narrates this book, comes right out and says, â€Å"The end of man is knowledge†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p. 9), which infuses with his idea that knowledge is power, and can essentially break down a man. Near the end of the book this quote is very significant to Jack in that events occur that prove his opinion is correct, but that he should exercise his wealth of knowledge in a different way. The entire plot of this book is drawn from the moment Willie finds out that a certain Judge Irwin supports a candidate running against his own.Willie pays a little visit to Judge Irwin in an effort to persuade him to retract his statement, but his attempt fails. â€Å"The Boss said, ‘Well Jackie, it looks like you got a job cut out for you. ’ And I said, ‘Callahan? ’ And he said, ‘Nope, Irwin. ’ And I said, â€Å"I don’t reckon you’ll find anything on Irwin. ’ And he said, ‘You find it’†(p. 49). This again suggests the theme that knowledge is power. Willie wants Jack to find dirt on Judge Irwin so he can dangle that threat over Irwin’s head, and have the ability to manipulate him.Having knowledge of Judge Irwin’s wrongdoings gives Willie the power to scare him into doing what he pleases. As the book progresses we meet the friends (and loves) of Jack’s youth. One of his friends, Adam Stanton, practices medicine and is asked by Willie to take the job at the new hospital he will open. Adam at first does not want to take a job, and Jack plans to use information he dug up about Judge Irwin (which connects to Adam’s father) to make force him to take the job. â€Å"‘I can change that picture of the world he carries around in his head’†(p. 48). Even though the information Jack wants to share with Adam could potenti ally shatter Adam’s view of the world, Jack feels he should use the power of his knowledge to make Adam take the job that Adam’s sister, Anne, so desperately wants him to take. All through this book knowledge is portrayed as the root of power, often with Jack as the man who has the knowledge. As the book progresses, Jack comes to realize that knowledge can sometimes create unimaginable sorrow in peoples lives. When Jack was young this was not a concept Jack was able to grasp.Jack’s first journey into the past proves that fact very clearly. Jack researches a scandal that occurred in one of his relatives past as a project when he was in college, but walks away from that piece of work because he simply cannot understand the reasoning behind his great-uncle’s (Cass Mastern) actions. Essentially, in the story of Cass Mastern, Cass has an affair with his friend’s wife, and when his friend learns of this affair he shoots himself. Cass feels largely respon sible for his friend’s death and realizes that the effect of his affair not only killed a man, but also ripped a family apart. Cass Mastern lived for a few years and in that time he learned that the world is all of one piece. He learned that the world is like an enormous spider web and if you touch it, however lightly, at any point, the vibration ripples to the remotest perimeter†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬ (p. 188). This is a powerful theme and when Jack finally realizes the significance of this theory, he comes to terms with the fact that sometimes knowledge can bring great sorrow to peoples lives, and not only effect one person, but also many of those connected to them.The spider web theory correlates significantly to Adam and Anne after they learn that the man they have always looked up to was in fact corrupt like most other politicians. Jack experiences this negative ripple effect as well when he reveals to Judge Irwin that he knows his secret. Judge Irwin then kills himself pr ompting a series of ripples. â€Å"A bright, beautiful, silvery soprano scream†¦I went toward her. She dropped the telephone to the floor with a clatter, and pointed her finger at me and cried out, ‘You did it, you did, you killed him†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœYour father, your father and oh! ou, killed him’†(p. 348-49). Because Jack found dirt on Judge Irwin, Irwin killed himself, which caused sorrow for Jack and Jack’s mother because we discover that Judge Irwin was the true love of Jack’s mother, and surprisingly Jack’s real father. Another essential example of when knowledge creating sorrow is when Adam finds out that his sister is having an affair with Willie Stark. When Adam finds out this piece of information, he is driven with anger and decides to eliminate the man defiling his sister. ‘I rushed toward Adam as he fell†¦he was already dead†¦I didn’t see the Boss. And I thought: He didn’t hit him. But I was wrongâ €™â€ (p. 396). Prompted by this one piece of information, two people are dead. After this point there is a notable difference in Jack’s attitude towards revealing information to people. At this point in the book, after two of his dear friends and his own father have died, Jack realizes that some things are better left unsaid. Without his revealing selected information to people, lives could have been spared.Jack still continues to dig up information simply because he has to know. Jacks new target is who was it that called Adam and informed him of his sister’s affair. It did not take long for Jack to find out that the Boss’s punching bag, Tiny Duffy, was the culprit, and he informs Duffy of his knowledge. â€Å"I felt like a million. I had sure-God brought off that scene. I had hit him where he lived†¦I was a hero’†(p. 415). This feeling Jack has after he spoke to Duffy does not last long though, â€Å"†¦when I kicked Duffy around I felt like a million because I thought it let me out†(p. 417).Here is when Jack finally takes responsibility for the consequences of spilling his knowledge onto others, and from this time begins to comprehend when information should be held back. After the Boss dies, Jack and the Boss’s driver/friend, Sugar Boy, are out of a job. Sugar Boy greatly admired Willie and was the one who shot the bullet that found Adam Stanton. Jack and Sugar Boy run into each other at the library, and this is the point when Jack uses restraint and withholds information from Sugar Boy to eliminate further sorrow that would surely occur if he revealed his information about Tiny Duffy. ‘Listen,’ I said, ‘do you know who killed the Boss? ’†¦ ‘Yeah,’ he said, ‘yeah—the son-of-a-bi-bi-bitch and I-I-I shot him. ’†¦ ‘But suppose you don’t know, I said, leaning, ‘suppose there was someday behind Stanton, somebod y who framed him to do it. ’†¦ ‘I’d kill the son-of-a-bitch,’ he said†¦ ‘I was kidding,’ I said†(p. 419-21). Jack finally grasps the fact that sometimes information should be withheld if it will most certainly have a negative consequence. Even a bit earlier Jack starts to realize this fact but will not put it into action until the moment with Sugar Boy at the library.Another instance when Jack’s compassion shines through is when he holds back information from his mother in hopes that she will be happier with the lie. â€Å"‘—did he—was there–’†¦ ‘No’, I said, ‘he wasn’t in any jam. We had a little argument about politics. Nothing serious†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘Is that the truth? ’ She demanded. ‘Yes,’ I said. ‘I swear to God it is. ’†¦I had lied to her. Well, I had given that lie to her as a going-away present†(p. 431-32). Jack grasped the concept that sometimes things should be kept to yourself. â€Å"All change costs something†(p. 93). Revealing information that causes a change will cost someone, somewhere. Jack Burden finally comprehends this concept and becomes more cautious in spilling his knowledge about others. Overall, Jack understands that knowledge affords great power, but that it certainly can induce great sorrow. This eventually convinces him that some things are better left unsaid. Jack watches endless people suffer because of knowledge that was dumped on them and it helps him to realize that you must have some thought and restraint in what you say to people.In life, there are instances when knowledge is thrust upon a person and that person will be able to speculate the impact that knowledge will have on other people. Even though some may feel entitled and obligated to share information with others, one must assess the overall situation and practice restraint if the negat ive effects greatly outweigh the positive. Knowledge is a tricky thing, and one must learn its power because otherwise the spider web will constantly be moving with negative ripples leaving a web of grief.

Paper Report For The Chapters One And Two Of The Book Peoples History

Paper Report For The Chapters One And Two Of The Book Peoples History Paper Report For The Chapters One And Two Of The Book People's History Of US: (1492 Peoples History of US: (1492 - Present) (Modern ic)-chapter one and two report Identify the central thesis of chapter one and two of Zinn. The two chapters under discussion explain about colonization: direct and indirect and of two different continents but by people from the same continent but who had different motives. The first chapter explains colonization of America (an indirect account of how it started) by Christopher Columbus. Columbus’ colonization on the Arawak was indirect and purely by accident but nevertheless he mistreated them (Zinn 19).The same chapter also provides examples of how other Europeans from different European countries also came to America after its discovery by Columbus and they started also colonizing the other Indians who were there mostly the Iroquois trying to change their ways of life and culture. They managed to disrupt their native culture leaving animosity behind (Johnston 29).Chapter though different is similar too. The colonization in this case is on the African countries happened in the same way where the Europeans wanted goods from Africa and they therefore enslaved them and brought back others as slaves with them and selling them in America to the white wealthy people to be their slaves and servants (Pickett and Dwayne 15).Those not taken as slaves were colonized. The Europeans in the different African countries used different methods to try and enlighten the African with their â€Å"superior† culture making them abandon their cultures and other traditions because they were not good enough including their education and religious beliefs.Discuss why the author chose the title of the chapter.The titles of the two chapters: â€Å"Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress† and â€Å"Drawing the Color Line† are in line with the explanations being provided within the chapter and they act as a sort of guideline of what the reader should expect is discussed within the chapters.Work CitedJohnston, Harr y. A History of the Colonization of Africa by Alien Races. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print.Pickett, Margaret and Dwayne, Pickett. The European Struggle to Settle North America: Colonizing Attempts by England, France and Spain, 1521-1608. California: McFarland, 2011. Print.Zinn, Howard. A Peoples History of the United States: 1492 to Present. New York: HarperCollins, 2010. Print.

Tarantulas Rarely Bite (And Other Facts About the Friendly Spiders)

Tarantulas Rarely Bite (And Other Facts About the Friendly Spiders) Tarantulas are the giants of the spider world, well known for their conspicuous size and their common appearance in movies as evil forces. Many people flinch in horror at the sight of them. These big, beefy spiders strike fear in the hearts of arachnophobes everywhere, but in fact, tarantulas are some of the least aggressive and dangerous spiders around. 1. Tarantulas are quite docile and rarely bite people A tarantula bite to a human is typically no worse than a bee sting in terms of toxicity. Symptoms from most species range from local pain and swelling to stiffness of joints. However, tarantula bites can be lethal to birds and some mammals. 2. Tarantulas defend themselves by throwing needle-like hairs at their attackers If a tarantula does feel threatened, it uses its hind legs to scrape barbed hairs (called urticating or stinging hairs) from its abdomen and flick them in the direction of the threat. Youll know it if they hit you, too, because they cause a nasty, irritating rash. Some people may even suffer a serious allergic reaction as a result, especially if the hairs come in contact with their eyes. The tarantula pays a price, too- it winds up with a noticeable bald spot on its belly. 3. Female tarantulas can live 30 years or longer in the wild Female tarantulas are famously long-lived. In captivity, some species have been known to live for over 30 years. Males, on the other hand, dont live very long once they reach sexual maturity, with a lifespan of just three to 10 years on average. In fact, males dont even molt once they reach maturity. 4. Tarantulas come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and sizes Colorful tarantulas that can be kept as pets include the Mexican red knee tarantula (Brachypelma smithi), the Chilean rose tarantula (Grammastola rosea), and the pink-toed tarantula (Aricularia avicularia). The largest tarantula known on Earth is the goliath bird eater (Theraphosa blondi), which is fairly fast-growing and can reach a weight of four ounces and a leg span of nine inches. The smallest is the endangered spruce-fir moss spider (Microhexura montivaga); it grows to a maximum size of one-fifteenth of an inch, or about the size of a BB pellet. 5. Tarantulas ambush small prey at night Tarantulas dont use webs to capture prey; instead, they do it the hard way- by hunting on foot. These stealthy hunters sneak up on their prey in the dark of night. Smaller tarantulas eat insects, while some of the larger species hunt frogs, mice, and even birds. Like other spiders, tarantulas paralyze their prey with venom, then use digestive enzymes to turn their meal into a soupy liquid. Tarantula venom is made up of a species-specific mix of salts, amino acids, neurotransmitters, polyamines, peptides, proteins, and enzymes. Because these toxins are hugely varied across species, they have become a target for scientific research for potential medical uses. 6. A fall can be fatal to a tarantula Tarantulas are rather thin-skinned creatures, particularly around the abdomen. Even a fall from a height of less than a foot can cause a deadly rupture of the exoskeleton. The heaviest species are the most susceptible to damage from drops. For this reason, handling a tarantula is never recommended. Its easy for you to get spooked- or, even more likely, for the tarantula to get spooked. What would you do if a huge, hairy spider started squirming in your hand? Youd probably drop it, and quickly. If you must handle a tarantula, either let the animal walk onto your hand or pick the spider up directly with cupped hands. Never handle a tarantula during or near the time of her molt, an annual period that can last up to a month. 7. Tarantulas have retractable claws on each leg, like cats Since falls can be so dangerous for tarantulas, its important for them to get a good grip when theyre climbing. Though most tarantulas tend to stay on the ground, some species are arboreal, meaning they climb trees and other objects. By extending special claws at the end of each leg, a tarantula can get a better grasp of whatever surface it is attempting to scale. For this reason, it is best to avoid mesh tops for tarantula tanks, because the spiders claws can get caught in them. 8. Though tarantulas don't spin webs, they do use silk Like all spiders, tarantulas produce silk, and they put it to use in clever ways. Females use silk to decorate the interior of their underground burrows, and the material is thought to strengthen the earthen walls. Males weave silken mats on which to lay their sperm. Females encase their eggs in silken cocoons. Tarantulas also use silk trap lines near their burrows to alert themselves to potential prey, or to the approach of predators. Scientists have discovered that tarantulas can produce silk with their feet in addition to using spinnerets as other spiders do. 9. Most tarantulas wander around during the summer months During the warmest months of the year, sexually mature males begin their quest to find a mate. Most tarantula encounters occur during this period, as males often disregard their own safety and wander around during daylight hours. Should he find a burrowing female, a male tarantula will tap the ground with his legs, politely announcing his presence. This suitor is a good source of much-needed protein for the female, and she may try to eat him once hes presented her with his sperm. 10. Tarantulas can regenerate lost legs Because tarantulas molt throughout their lives, replacing their exoskeletons as they grow, they have the ability to repair any damage theyve sustained. Should a tarantula lose a leg, a new one will reappear the next time it molts. Depending on the tarantulas age and the length of time before its next molt, the regenerated leg may not be quite as long as the one it lost. Over successive molts, the leg will gradually get longer until it reaches its normal size again. Tarantulas will sometimes eat their detached legs as a way to recycle protein.

Professional Learning Communities Focusing On the Contributions of Research Paper

Professional Learning Communities Focusing On the Contributions of Utilizing Social Media Within Learning Commun - Research Paper Example from his students, some suggesting new ideas of improving the lessons including use of power-point presentations, or issuance of course special notes concerning specific areas that they did not learn. The teacher can also take advantage of his or her student’s presence in the social media to create an online blog and a discussion forum. It is from these blogs and discussions that the teacher can acquire knowledge on the various needs of his/her students (Ke and Hoadley, 2009). Planning a lesson by integrating the needs of the students will ensure that students became active participants in the lessons, making it interesting (Eshach, 2007). Through the social, a teacher will be able to interact with the student’s parents, telling them on the progress of their students in relation to their academic capabilities. For example, facebook has a provision in which an individual can make a list of friends whom he or she can constantly interact with. A teacher can make a list of the various parents of his/her students. From this list, he can notify these parents on the progress of their students, and try to get some feedback on how to improve the academic capability of his/her students (J and Hunt, 2006). From these feedbacks, a teacher can have an idea on how to develop the teaching plan that he or she will use while conducting the lesson. Information from parents is crucial because parents know the intellectual and physical capabilities of their children. Basing on this information, a teacher can develop a plan that will factor in the intellectual capability of his/her students (Dunlap and Stephens, 2009). For example, in a classroom setup, there are fast learners and slow learners. Fast learners have the capability of grasping issues in class in a quicker manner, and do... This essay approves that planning a lesson by integrating the needs of the students will ensure that students became active participants in the lessons, making it interesting. Through the social, a teacher will be able to interact with the student’s parents, telling them on the progress of their students in relation to their academic capabilities. The social media is an important tool during this process of planning and preparing of a lesson by the teacher. Social sites such as twitter and facebook enable teachers to interact with their peers. The social media also helps in improving communication between a teacher and a student. This report makes a conclusion that that the social media plays a big role in helping teachers to handle their teaching lessons in a professional and ethical manner. This is because they are able to interact with their peers, acquiring ideas from each other on how to handle their teaching profession. It also encourages collaboration, between the teachers, students and their parents. This is a positive aspect in education because it will most definitely result to an improvement on the academic capabilities of students. This is because the teacher will acquire knowledge on the weaknesses of his or her students, and build upon those weaknesses, to ensure that the child learns, and achieves the outcomes of the lesson/ course under consideration.

Maritime LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maritime LAW - Essay Example The notion behind arresting the ship rests in the notion of the ship itself as being the wrongdoer and thereby liable to arrest and offer the same for sale to settle the claims by a creditor. It normally involves securing the appearance of the defendant ship owner and corroborates the jurisdiction of the Court. If the Court permits the maritime creditor’s claim, the verdict is then enforceable against the detained res by judicial sale or security given to assume its place. (Force et al, 2006:262). An action in rem may be initiated against a ship in connection with which a claim arose or against a sister ship. As per the decision held in Gatoil Inc. v Arkwright –Boston Co [1985] A.C. 255 at 265, under the Arrest Convention, there exists a right to initiate an action in rem against another ship of the owner. (Gault et al: 2003:31). An action in rem can be initiated in the High Court against the ship where there exists a maritime lien on the ship and in cases where there e xists a statutory right to proceed in rem. (Gault et al 2003:31). For many centuries, action in rem is the remedy most sought for and used to, and it is being the specialty of the Admiralty Court and for the Courts having parallel jurisdiction and it offers a chief benefit over the same. For initiating any action against a ship is the specialty to proceed in the Admiralty Court directly, and it has been regarded as the illustrious aspect of the Admiralty jurisdiction. Even from the Elizabethan era, the action in rem is being employed in the Admiralty court and however, during the middle of the nineteenth century, the modern theory of maritime liens, i.e. rights against the ship started to evolve. The starting of consideration of the action in rem is itself must lie in the onset of the theory of maritime liens as the two concepts have become interconnected. (Wiswall 1970:155) As per Jervis, maritime lines were the founding stones of actions in rem which was itself a maxim as laid dow n in â€Å"The Bold Cuccleugh† where a solid substantive verdict was given that the action in rem was a proceeding directly against a ship and not a procedural mechanism to enrich personal jurisdiction over owners. (Wiswall 1970:158). Thus, in the case of action in rem, action in personam cannot be claimed was vitiated by the verdict given by Sir Francis Jeune in â€Å"The Dictoar â€Å"in 1891 and when action being in rem, and if any bail that had been offered should stand as a substitute for the ship, and it should be treated as the limit of the liability and it was not proper to award a decree or a judgement in personam in an action in rem. Thus, separate legal proceedings should be initiated for an action to be brought in personam was needed mainly to obtain satisfaction of the balance of the savage award. (Wiswall 1970:158). Traditionally, an action in rem has been considered as an action against the ship itself and does not refer to any action against a ship owner unt il and at least the ship owner acknowledges services of the claim form. â€Å"The House of Lords â€Å"in â€Å"The Indian Grace â€Å"held that under the â€Å"s.34 of the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act, 1982 â€Å", an â€Å"